Egg surface E.coli in Bangladesh. ~ Dr.Subrata's Knowledge and Experience

AN EXPLORATORY STUDY OF ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE FOR EGG SURFACE E-COLI ON THE BASIS OF GAZIPUR MARKET, BANGLADESH

SUBRATA KUMAR BARAI

Master of Public Health (MPH) Program

Batch No 2021

Registration No 21-2-53-999-014

Bangladesh Open University

School of Science and Technology (SST)

Board Bazar, Gazipur-1705

Bangladesh

January, 2024

ABSTRACT

Background: Bangladesh, with its burgeoning population and intricate socio-economic condition, confronts distinctive challenges in managing antibiotic use in the agricultural sector. Poultry farming, a cornerstone of the nation's nutritional foundation, plays a pivotal role in meeting dietary demands. However, the extensive use of antibiotics in this sector, both for growth promotion and disease prevention, has enhanced the proliferation of antibiotic-resistant strains (Hossain et al., 2020) , (Akond et al., 2009). Aim: This study tried to determine the prevalence of E.coli on the surface of eggs from Gazipur market. This study tried to investigate the antibiotic resistance patterns of E.coli isolates. Methodology: This exploratory study employs a cross-sectional research design to investigate antibiotic resistance in E. coli strains found on the surfaces of eggs sold at the Gazipur market in Bangladesh. A cross-sectional design is suitable for a preliminary assessment of antibiotic resistance patterns. Sampling Strategy: A systematic random sampling method was used to select a representative sample of eggs from various vendors in the Gazipur market. The selection was considered factors such as vendor and egg source to ensure diversity. Result: The study analyzed sample of 392 eggs from the Gazipur Market, Bangladesh, revealing a notable incidence of E. coli contamination. The overall incidence of E. coli contamination was found to be 11 numbers out of 96 white shelled eggs that was 11.45%. On the other hand 30 numbers of samples were positive out of 296 brown shelled eggs that was 10.13%. Average percentage was 10.45%. In case of color (brown & white) of eggs shell the decision is the null hypothesis is accepted, there is no significant difference on regarding shell color of sample in incidence of E. coli positive. So we can say p>0.05, and it is strongly establish that null hypothesis is accepted. Antibiotic sensitivity or resistant to E. coli profile has been shown in Table 3, the antibiotics were Ciprofloxacin, Enrofloxacin, Trimethoprime, Amikacin, Neomycin, Colistin, Oxytetracycline, Doxycycline, Gentamycin, Amoxicillin. Total ten antibiotics were tested for each sample. The sensitive sample percent were 19.51, 9.75%, 7.3%, 100%, 100%, 80.78%, 0%, 5%, 92.7 % and 53.65% for respective antibiotic. On the other hand fully resistance samples were 80.49%, 90.25% , 92.7% , 0%, 0%, 19.12% , 100%, 95%,7.3% and 46.3% for respective antibiotic.

Rahman et al. (2008) reported E.coli isolate from broiler and layer poultry in Bangladesh were found resistasnt to Ampicillin, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracyclin in 37-87.5%^cases; and 50-66.6% strains highly sensitive to Chloramphenicol and Gentamycin. Within range 66-100% E. coli strains from poultry in Bangladesh showed resistance to tetracycline, Penicillin, Erythromycin and Chloramphenicol (Islam et al. 2008). Studies conducted in Gazipur market have reported varying degrees of prevalence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli on egg surfaces. Conclusion: In conclusion it is observable that antibiotics are become more resistant day by day. To prevent or make slowing the process veterinary practice should be more accountable and responsible.

Keywords: E.coli, Antibiotic, Sensitivity, Resistant, Poultry Farming, Egg, Nutrition, Contamination.